Ngomhla wesi-3 kuCanzibe ngo-2023, i-EPA yapapasha umthetho ocetywayo kwiRejista yeSizwe wokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-methylene chloride.
Imvume ye-EPA yomthetho ocetywayo inikwe phantsi koMthetho woLawulo lweZinto ezinobungozi (TSCA), kwaye i-dichloromethane yikhemikhali yesibini enomngcipheko wayo olawulwa phantsi kwenkqubo yohlengahlengiso eyenziwe nguFrank R. Lautenberg. UMthetho woKhuseleko lweKhemikhali weNkulungwane yama-21 ka-2016, emva kwenyathelo le-arhente lokukhusela abantu ekuvezweni yi-asbestos kunyaka ophelileyo.
I-Dichloromethane isetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwabathengi okufana nezicoci ze-aerosol kunye nezicoci zeebrashi kwiipeyinti kunye neengubo, ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo okufana nezincamathelisi kunye nezitywini, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso ekuvelisweni kwezinye iikhemikhali. Umzekelo, i-dichloromethane isetyenziswa njengekhemikhali ephakathi ekuvelisweni kwee-hydrofluorocarbons (ii-HFCs)32, ezisetyenziswa kwiifriji ezixutyiweyo ukuze zithathe indawo yezinto ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Ubuncinane abantu abangama-85 babhubhile ngenxa yokuvezwa yi-methylene chloride ebukhali ukusukela ngo-1980, uninzi lwabo ngabasebenzi bekhontrakthi yokuphucula amakhaya ababeqeqeshwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye bexhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuzikhusela, ngokutsho kwe-Environmental Protection Agency.
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko olungenabungqina lwe-arhente lwe-dichloromethane lubangelwe ziingozi ezinxulumene nabasebenzi, abantu abangoochwephesha abangasebenzisiyo (abasebenzi abakufutshane kodwa abangachaphazelekanga ngqo yikhemikhali), abathengi, kunye nabo bakufutshane nendawo yomthengi. I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo ichonge iingozi zemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yabantu, kubandakanya ubuthi bemithambo-luvo, iziphumo zesibindi kunye nomhlaza ezivela ekuphefumleni, kunye nokuvezwa kwesikhumba kwi-methylene chloride.
Imithetho ecetywayo yolawulo lomngcipheko iya kunciphisa ngokukhawuleza imveliso, ukucubungula kunye nokusasazwa kwe-methylene chloride kuzo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa ngabathengi kunye noninzi lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso nakwezorhwebo, uninzi lwazo luya kuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezili-15. Kwinkoliso yezinto ezisetyenziswayo ze-methylene chloride i-EPA eyicetyisayo ukuba ithintele, uhlalutyo lwayo lubonise ukuba ezinye iindlela zexabiso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle endaweni yeemveliso ze-methylene chloride ziyafumaneka ngokubanzi.
“Isayensi engasemva kwe-methylene chloride icacile kwaye ukuvezwa kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi zempilo kwanokufa, nto leyo iyinyani kwiintsapho ezininzi ezilahlekelwe ngabantu ezibathandayo ngenxa yetyhefu ebukhali,” utshilo uMlawuli we-EPA uMichael S. Regan. kwingxelo yeendaba ye-arhente. “Yiyo loo nto i-EPA ithatha inyathelo ngokucebisa ukukhusela impilo yabasebenzi ngokungenisa ulawulo oluqinileyo lwendawo yokusebenza oluya kuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwesi sikhemikhali kwaye lunciphise ukuvezwa kwezinye zonke. Qhagamshelana nathi. Olu thintelo lwembali olucetywayo lubonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo esiyenzileyo ekuphunyezweni kweendlela ezintsha zokukhusela ukhuseleko lweekhemikhali kunye nokwamkelwa kwamanyathelo asele edlulile ixesha elide okukhusela ngcono impilo yoluntu.”
“Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, ukucubungula imizi-mveliso, kunye nokusetyenziswa kukarhulumente i-EPA engakhange iyicebise ukuba ivalwe, i-EPA inikezela ngenkqubo yokukhusela iikhemikhali emsebenzini enemida engqongqo yokuvezwa ukuze kukhuselwe ngcono abasebenzi,” itshilo kwingxelo. “I-EPA ifumene igalelo kushishino olubonisa ukuba ezinye izakhiwo zisenokuba sele zithobela imida engqongqo yokuvezwa kwe-methylene chloride. Ezi mfuno zicetywayo ziya kuvumela ukuqhubeka kokucubungula i-methylene chloride ukuvelisa iikhemikhali ezibalulekileyo ekunciphiseni imizamo yokutshintsha kwemozulu echazwe kwiNgxelo ye-US Innovation and Manufacturing. Isenzo Sibalulekile. Iifriji kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezinobuhlobo nemozulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulweni notshintsho lwemozulu, kwaye umthetho ocetywayo we-EPA uxhasa imizamo eqhubekayo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi.”
Ukongeza, i-EPA icebisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuthile kwe-dichloromethane efunekayo yi-NASA, i-DOD kunye ne-FAA kuqhubeke nokulawulwa ngokuqinileyo kwindawo yokusebenza, njengoko ukuvezwa kungancitshiswa ngokwaneleyo kwezi meko zinzima kakhulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko kubasebenzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
“Ukuvalwa kunye nemiqathango ecetywayo kuya kukhusela uluntu ekuchatshazelweni yi-methylene chloride,” utshilo ingxelo. “I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo, isebenzisa idatha yeminyaka emithandathu yokuvezwa kwetyhefu, ichonge inani elincinci lezibonelelo njengengozi enokubakho kuluntu olubiyelweyo. Ukuvalwa komthetho ocetywayo we-EPA kuya kugubungela ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-methylene chloride kuninzi lwezibonelelo, eneneni okuyingozi enokubakho kuluntu.”
Izimvo malunga nomthetho ocetywayo ziya kwamkelwa nge-Federal Electronic Rulemaking Portal kude kube nguJulayi 3, 2023, inombolo yokungena i-EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465.
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