Eli nqaku liphononongwe ngokweenkqubo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlela yeSayensi X. Abahleli bagxininise ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa beqinisekisa ukuthembeka komxholo:
I-carbon dioxide (CO2) sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sobomi eMhlabeni kwaye singumthombo wegesi otshisayo onegalelo ekufudumaleni kwehlabathi. Namhlanje, izazinzulu zifunda nge-carbon dioxide njengomthombo othembisayo wokuvelisa amafutha ahlaziyekayo, anekhabhoni ephantsi kunye neemveliso zeekhemikhali ezixabisa kakhulu.
Umceli mngeni kubaphandi kukuchonga iindlela ezisebenzayo nezingabizi kakhulu zokuguqula i-carbon dioxide ibe zizinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ze-carbon ezifana ne-carbon monoxide, i-methanol okanye i-formic acid.
Iqela lophando elikhokelwa nguKK Neuerlin weNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) kunye nabasebenzi abasebenzisana nabo kwiArgonne National Laboratory kunye neOak Ridge National Laboratory bafumene isisombululo esithembisayo kule ngxaki. Iqela liphuhlise indlela yokuguqula ukuvelisa i-formic acid kwi-carbon dioxide kusetyenziswa umbane ohlaziyekayo osebenza kakuhle kwaye uhlala ixesha elide.
Olu phononongo, olunesihloko esithi “Scalable membrane electrode assembly architecture for effective electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to formic acid,” lupapashwe kwijenali iNature Communications.
I-asidi ye-Formic yikhemikhali enokubakho enokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi njengezinto ezikrwada kwimizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali okanye yebhayoloji. I-asidi ye-Formic ikwachongiwe njenge-feedstock yokuhluza i-biorefine ibe yi-aircraft fuel ecocekileyo.
I-electrolysis ye-CO2 iphumela ekunciphiseni kwe-CO2 kwiikhemikhali eziphakathi ezifana ne-formic acid okanye iimolekyuli ezifana ne-ethylene xa kusetyenziswa amandla ombane kwiseli ye-electrolytic.
I-membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) kwi-electrolyzer idla ngokuba ne-membrane eqhuba i-ion (i-cation okanye i-anion exchange membrane) ehlanganiswe phakathi kwee-electrodes ezimbini eziquka i-electrocatalyst kunye ne-polymer eqhuba i-ion.
Besebenzisa ubuchule beqela kubuchwepheshe beeseli zepetroli kunye ne-hydrogen electrolysis, bafunde iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-MEA kwiiseli ze-electrolytic ukuze bathelekise ukunciphisa kwe-CO2 kwi-formic acid nge-electrochemical.
Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo lokusilela koyilo olwahlukeneyo, iqela lizame ukusebenzisa imida yeeseti zezinto ezikhoyo, ingakumbi ukungabikho kokungafunwa kwee-ion kwiimembrane zokutshintshiselana kwe-anion yangoku, kunye nokwenza lula uyilo lwenkqubo iyonke.
Uyilo luka-KS Neierlin kunye noLeiming Hu be-NREL yayilulo i-electrolyzer ye-MEA ephuculweyo esebenzisa i-membrane entsha ye-cation exchange cation enezimbobo. Le membrane enezimbobo inika imveliso ye-formic acid ehambelanayo, ekhethiweyo kakhulu kwaye yenza lula uyilo ngokusebenzisa izinto ezingasetyenziswanga.
“Iziphumo zolu phononongo zimele utshintsho olubonakalayo kwimveliso ye-electrochemical yee-organic acids ezifana ne-formic acid,” utshilo umbhali-mbhali uNeierlin. “Ulwakhiwo lwe-membrane oluneembobo lunciphisa ubunzima bezoyilo zangaphambili kwaye lunokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokuqina kwezinye izixhobo zokuguqula i-carbon dioxide nge-electrochemical.”
Njengakwezinye iindlela zesayensi, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto ezibangela iindleko kunye nokwenzeka kwezoqoqosho. Besebenza kumasebe onke, abaphandi beNREL uZhe Huang kunye noTao Ling baveze uhlalutyo lwetekhnoloji-qoqosho oluchonga iindlela zokufezekisa ukulingana kweendleko neenkqubo zemveliso ye-formic acid yemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje xa ixabiso lombane ohlaziyekayo likwiisenti ezingama-2.3 okanye ngaphantsi kwe-kilowatt-yure nganye.
“Iqela lifumene ezi ziphumo lisebenzisa ii-catalysts ezifumaneka kurhwebo kunye nezixhobo ze-polymer membrane, ngelixa lidala uyilo lwe-MEA olusebenzisa ithuba lokukhula kweeseli zamafutha zanamhlanje kunye nezityalo ze-hydrogen electrolysis,” utshilo uNeierlin.
"Iziphumo zolu phando zinokunceda ukuguqula i-carbon dioxide ibe ngamafutha kunye neekhemikhali kusetyenziswa umbane ohlaziyekayo kunye ne-hydrogen, oku kukhawulezisa utshintsho oluya ekwandiseni nasekuthengisweni."
Iitekhnoloji zokuguqula iikhemikhali ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-NREL's Electrons to Molecules, egxile kwi-hydrogen evuselelekayo yesizukulwana esilandelayo, amafutha angenazo, iikhemikhali kunye nezinto zeenkqubo eziqhutywa ngombane.
“Inkqubo yethu ihlola iindlela zokusebenzisa umbane ohlaziyekayo ukuguqula iimolekyuli ezifana nekhabhoni diokside namanzi zibe ziikhompawundi ezinokusebenza njengemithombo yamandla,” utshilo uRandy Cortright, umlawuli wecebo lokudluliselwa kwee-electron kunye/okanye izinto ezingaphambili zeNREL kwimveliso yamafutha.
"Olu phando lokuguqulwa kwe-electrochemical lubonelela ngenkqubela phambili enokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuguqulwa kwe-electrochemical, kwaye sijonge phambili kwiziphumo ezithembisayo ngakumbi kweli qela."
Ulwazi oluthe kratya: Leiming Hu et al., Uyilo lwe-Scalable membrane electrode assembly yokuguqula i-CO2 ibe yi-formic acid ngendlela eyiyo, Nature Communications (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43409-6
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