IKawanishi, eJapan, ngoNovemba 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Imiba yokusingqongileyo efana notshintsho lwemozulu, ukuphela kwezixhobo zendalo, ukuphela kweentlobo ngeentlobo, ungcoliseko lweplastiki kunye nokususwa kwamahlathi kuyanda kwihlabathi liphela ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu.
I-Carbon dioxide (CO2) yigesi ebangela ubushushu kwaye yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela utshintsho lwemozulu. Kule meko, inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"artificial photosynthesis (CO2 photoreduction)" inokuvelisa i-organic feedstock yamafutha kunye neekhemikhali ezivela kwi-CO2, amanzi kunye namandla elanga, njengoko izityalo zisenza. Kwangaxeshanye, zikwanciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2, kuba i-CO2 isetyenziswa njenge-feedstock yokuvelisa amandla kunye nezixhobo zeekhemikhali. Ke ngoko, i-artificial photosynthesis ithathwa njengenye yetekhnoloji yamva nje eluhlaza.
Ii-MOF (Metal Organic Frameworks) zizinto ezinamachibi amaninzi ezenziwe ngamaqela eentsimbi ezingaphiliyo kunye nee-organic linkers. Zinokulawulwa kwinqanaba leemolekyuli kuluhlu lwe-nanometer kwaye zinendawo enkulu yomphezulu. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, ii-MOF zingasetyenziswa ekugcinweni kwegesi, ekuhlukanisweni, ekufakweni kwesinyithi, ekutsalweni kwe-catalysis, ekuhanjisweni kwamayeza, ekunyangweni kwamanzi, kwiisensa, kwii-electrodes, kwiifilitha, njl. Kutshanje, ii-MOF zifunyenwe zinamandla okubamba i-CO2 anokuncitshiswa yi-CO2, oko kukuthi, i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa.
Kwelinye icala, amachaphaza e-quantum zizinto ezincinci kakhulu (0.5–9 nm) ezineempawu zokukhanya ezihambelana nemithetho ye-quantum chemistry kunye ne-quantum mechanics. Zibizwa ngokuba “zii-athomu zokwenziwa okanye iimolekyuli zokwenziwa” kuba i-quantum dot nganye iqulathe ii-athomu ezimbalwa okanye ezimbalwa okanye iimolekyuli. Kolu luhlu lobungakanani, amanqanaba amandla ee-electron awasaqhubeki kwaye ahlukana ngenxa yento ebonakalayo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-quantum confinement effect. Kule meko, ubude bokukhanya okukhutshiweyo buya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu bamachaphaza e-quantum. La machaphaza e-quantum angasetyenziswa nakwi-photosynthesis yokwenziwa ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu okufunxa ukukhanya, ukukwazi ukuvelisa i-exciton eninzi kunye nommandla omkhulu womphezulu.
Zombini ii-MOF kunye nee-quantum dots zenziwe phantsi kweGreen Science Alliance. Ngaphambili, bezisebenzise ngempumelelo izinto ze-MOF quantum dot composite ukuvelisa i-formic acid njenge-catalyst ekhethekileyo ye-photosynthesis yokwenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi catalysts zikwimo yomgubo kwaye ezi catalyst powders kufuneka ziqokelelwe ngokuhluzwa kwinkqubo nganye. Ke ngoko, ekubeni ezi nkqubo zingaqhubeki, kunzima ukuzisebenzisa kwimizi-mveliso.
Ukuphendula, uMnu. Tetsuro Kajino, uMnu. Hirohisa Iwabayashi, kunye noGqr. Ryohei Mori beGreen Science Alliance Co., Ltd. basebenzise ubuchwepheshe babo ukuthintela ezi catalysts zefotosinthesisi zokwenziwa ezikhethekileyo kwiishiti zelaphu ezingabizi kakhulu baza baphuhlisa inkqubo entsha yokuvelisa i-formic acid. Enokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwizicelo zoshishino. Emva kokugqitywa kwe-artificial photosynthesis reaction, amanzi aqulethe i-formic acid anokukhutshwa ukuze akhutshwe, kwaye amanzi amatsha angongezwa kwakhona kwisikhongozeli ukuze kuqhubeke i-artificial photosynthesis.
I-asidi ye-formic ingathatha indawo ye-hydrogen fuel. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuthintela ukusasazeka koluntu lwe-hydrogen kwihlabathi liphela kukuba i-hydrogen yeyona athom incinci kwindalo iphela, ngoko ke kunzima ukuyigcina, kwaye ukuveliswa kwetanki ye-hydrogen enefuthe eliphezulu lokutywina kuya kubiza kakhulu. Ukongeza, igesi ye-hydrogen inokuqhuma kwaye ibe yingozi yokhuseleko. Ekubeni i-asidi ye-formic ilulwelo, kulula ukuyigcina njenge-fuel. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-asidi ye-formic ingasetyenziselwa ukuphembelela ukuveliswa kwe-hydrogen kwindawo. Ukongeza, i-asidi ye-formic ingasetyenziselwa izinto eziluhlaza kwiikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo.
Nangona ukusebenza kakuhle kwefotosinthesisi yokwenziwa kusephantsi, iGreen Science Alliance iya kuqhubeka nokulwela ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle ukuze iseke izicelo ezisebenzayo zefotosinthesisi yokwenziwa.