I-Formic acid yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokwenza izinto eziluhlaza kwimveliso yeefayibha ze-polyester. Kwimveliso yeefayibha ze-polyester, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa njenge-catalyst okanye i-regulator ukunceda ukulawula izinga le-polymerisation reaction kunye neempawu zemveliso. Ingakhuthaza i-esterification reaction kwaye iphucule umgangatho kunye nemveliso yeefayibha ze-polyester. Umzekelo, kwimveliso yeefayibha ze-polyester, i-formic acid ingasabela kwi-terephthalic acid kunye ne-ethylene glycol ukuvelisa i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), eyifayibha ye-polyester enamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokukrala kunye nokugcinwa kakuhle kwesimo, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimpahla, kwiimpahla zasekhaya nakwiilaphu zoshishino.
2. Ukulungiswa kwesikhumba
Kwishishini lesikhumba, i-formic acid sisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutsaleni isikhumba. Ingadibana ne-collagen esikhumbeni ukuze isikhumba sibe nokuguquguquka okungcono, ukumelana namanzi kunye nokuqina. Ukongeza, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa ekuthinteleni, ekuthambiseni nasekudayeni isikhumba. Kwinkqubo yokuthinteleni, i-formic acid ingenza izinto ze-alkaline kumphezulu wesikhumba zibe buthathaka, zenze umphezulu wesikhumba ube buthathaka, kwaye idale iimeko ezilungileyo kumanyathelo okucubungula alandelayo. Kwinkqubo yokuthambile, i-formic acid ingangena ngaphakathi kwesikhumba, yenze i-faibha yesikhumba ikhululeke, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuthamba kwesikhumba.
3. Unyango lomphezulu wesinyithi
I-formic acid ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lonyango lomphezulu wesinyithi. Ingasetyenziswa njengesicoci se-asidi ekususeni ulusu olune-oxidised, umhlwa kunye nokungcola kwiindawo zesinyithi. Umzekelo, ekulungiseni umphezulu wesinyithi, isisombululo se-formic acid sinokusabela ngokwekhemikhali kunye nomhlwa (inxalenye ephambili yayo yi-ferric oxide) kumphezulu wesinyithi ukuvelisa ii-ion zesinyithi ezinyibilikayo kunye ne-carbon dioxide, ngaloo ndlela isusa umhlwa. Ukongeza, i-formic acid ingasetyenziselwa ukudlulisa iintsimbi. Ngokwenza ifilimu ye-oxide exineneyo kumphezulu wesinyithi, i-formic acid inokuthintela i-oxidation engaphezulu kunye nokubola kwesinyithi.
Okwesibini, izicelo zezolimo
1. Izongezo zokutya
Kwimfuyo yezilwanyana, i-formic acid idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesongezelelo sokondla. Inganciphisa ixabiso le-pH yokondla, ithintele ukukhula kweentsholongwane ezinobungozi ekutyeni, kwaye yandise ubomi bokutya. Umzekelo, ukongeza i-formic acid ekutyeni kwee-ruminants (umz. iinkomo neegusha) kunokuphucula ukutyeba kokondla kwaye kwandise ukutya kunye nokugaywa kwezilwanyana. Ukongeza, i-formic acid inokulawula ibhalansi ye-acid-base yendlela yamathumbu esilwanyana, ikhuthaze ukukhula kweentsholongwane eziluncedo kwaye ithintele ukuzala kweentsholongwane ezinobungozi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula impilo kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso yezilwanyana.
2. Izinto ezisetyenziswa phakathi kwezibulali-zinambuzane
I-asidi ye-formic ingasetyenziswa njengezinto ezidibanisa izibulali-zinambuzane ukuze kuhlanganiswe iintlobo ngeentlobo zezibulali-zinambuzane. Umzekelo, ezinye izibulali-zinambuzane ze-organophosphorus zifuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-asidi ye-formic njengezinto eziluhlaza kwinkqubo yokwenziwa. Ezi zibulali-zinambuzane zinemiphumo emihle yokubulala izinambuzane, ukubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokubulala ukhula, ezinokukhusela izityalo ngokufanelekileyo kwizinambuzane nezifo kwaye ziphucule isivuno kunye nomgangatho wesivuno.
Okwesithathu, intsimi yamayeza nokutya
1. Izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo zamayeza
Kwishishini lezemithi, i-formic acid ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amayeza ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuhlanganiswa kwee-antibiotics ezithile, iivithamini kunye neehomoni kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-formic acid njengezinto eziluhlaza. Ukongeza, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokucoca nokucoca amayeza. Ingasetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi okanye isithambisi ukunceda ukususa ukungcola kwiziyobisi nokuphucula ubumsulwa bazo kunye nomgangatho wazo.
2. Izongezo zokutya
Kwishishini lokutya, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa njengesigcini kunye nesinyibilikisi. Ingathintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane ekutyeni kwaye yandise ubomi bokutya. Umzekelo, ukongeza ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-formic acid ekutyeni okufana neziselo, iisosi kunye neejam kunokuthintela ukutya ukuba kungaboli kwaye kungonakalisi. Ukongeza, i-formic acid inokwenza ukutya kube mnandi kwaye kuphucule incasa kunye nencasa yokutya.
IV. Ezinye izicelo
1. Ukwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo
I-asidi ye-formic sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweekhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ze-organic, ezifana nee-esters, ii-amides kunye nee-nitriles. Umzekelo, nge-esterification reaction, i-asidi ye-formic inokusabela kunye neekhompawundi zotywala ukuvelisa iikhompawundi ze-ester, ezi khompawundi ze-ester zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiziqholo, kwiingubo kunye neeplastiki nakwezinye iindawo.
2. I-electrolyte yebhetri
I-formic acid ingasetyenziswa njengenxalenye yee-electrolytes zebhetri. Kwezinye iiseli zepetroli kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa njengomnikeli weproton ukuze athathe inxaxheba kwiimpendulo ze-electrochemical kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuqukumbela, njengekhemikhali esebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, i-formic acid ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngokuqhubeka kwenzululwazi netekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezicelo ezintsha, imfuno yemarike ye-formic acid kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngakumbi.