EKAWANISH, eJapan, ngoNovemba 15, 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Imiba yokusingqongileyo efana notshintsho lwemozulu, ukuphelelwa zizixhobo, ukuphela kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana, ungcoliseko lweplastiki kunye nokususwa kwamahlathi okubangelwa kukwanda kwabemi behlabathi kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi.
I-Carbon dioxide (CO2) yigesi ebangela ubushushu kwaye yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela utshintsho lwemozulu. Kule meko, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"artificial photosynthesis (photoreduction of carbon dioxide)" inokuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza ze-organic for fuel kunye neekhemikhali ezivela kwi-carbon dioxide, amanzi kunye namandla elanga, njengoko izityalo zisenza. Kwangaxeshanye, zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2, esetyenziswa njenge-feedstock yamandla kunye nemveliso yeekhemikhali. Ke ngoko, i-artificial photosynthesis yaziwa njengenye yezona teknoloji ziphambili zoluhlaza.
Ii-MOF (ii-frameworks ze-metal-organic) zizinto ezinamanzi amaninzi ezenziwe ngamaqoqo eentsimbi ezingaphiliyo kunye nee-linkers ze-organic. Zingalawulwa kwinqanaba le-molecular kuluhlu lwe-nano olunendawo enkulu yomphezulu. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, ii-MOF zingasetyenziswa ekugcinweni kwegesi, ekuhlukanisweni, ekufakweni kwesinyithi, ekutsalweni kwe-catalysis, ekuhanjisweni kwamayeza, ekunyangweni kwamanzi, kwiisensa, kwii-electrodes, kwiifilitha, njl. Kutshanje ii-MOF zifunyenwe zinamandla okubamba i-CO2, enokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa izinto eziphilayo ngokusebenzisa i-CO2 photoreduction, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-artificial photosynthesis.
Kwelinye icala, amachaphaza e-quantum zizinto ezincinci kakhulu (ii-nanometers ezingama-0.5–9) ezineempawu zokukhanya ezithobela imithetho ye-quantum chemistry kunye ne-quantum mechanics. Zibizwa ngokuba “zii-athomu zokwenziwa okanye iimolekyuli zokwenziwa” kuba i-quantum dot nganye iqulathe ii-athomu okanye iimolekyuli ezimbalwa ukuya kumawaka kuphela. Kolu luhlu lobungakanani, amanqanaba amandla ee-electron awasaqhubeki kwaye ahlukana ngenxa yento ebonakalayo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-quantum confinement effect. Kule meko, ubude bokukhanya okukhutshiweyo buya kuxhomekeka kubukhulu be-quantum dot. La machaphaza e-quantum angasetyenziswa nakwi-photosynthesis yokwenziwa ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu okufunxa ukukhanya, ukukwazi ukuvelisa i-exciton eninzi kunye nommandla omkhulu womphezulu.
Zombini ii-MOF kunye nee-quantum dots zenziwe yiGreen Science Alliance. Ngaphambili, bezisebenzise ngempumelelo ii-MOF-quantum dot composites ukuvelisa i-formic acid njenge-catalyst ekhethekileyo ye-photosynthesis yokwenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, ezi catalysts zikwimo yomgubo kwaye ezi catalyst powders kufuneka ziqokelelwe ngokuhluzwa kwinkqubo nganye. Ke ngoko, kunzima ukuzisebenzisa kwimveliso yokwenyani kuba ezi nkqubo aziqhubeki.
Ukuphendula, uMnu. Kajino Tetsuro, uMnu. Iwabayashi Hirohisa, kunye noGqr. Mori Ryohei beGreen Science Alliance Co., Ltd. basebenzise ubuchwepheshe babo ukuthintela ezi catalysts zefotosinthesisi zokwenziwa kwilaphu elingabizi kakhulu baza bavula isityalo esitsha se-formic acid. Le nkqubo ingaqhutywa ngokuqhubekayo kwizicelo zoshishino. Emva kokugqitywa kwe-photosynthesis reaction yokwenziwa, amanzi aqulethe i-formic acid anokukhutshwa aze akhutshwe, emva koko amanzi amatsha anokongezwa kwisikhongozeli ukuze kuqhutyekwe nokuqaliswa kwefotosinthesisi yokwenziwa.
I-asidi ye-formic ingathatha indawo ye-hydrogen fuel. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili ezithintela ukwamkelwa kwehlabathi lonke koluntu olusekelwe kwi-hydrogen kukuba i-hydrogen, eyona athom incinci kwindalo iphela, kunzima ukuyigcina, kwaye kuya kubiza kakhulu ukwakha i-hydrogen reservoir evalwe kakuhle. Ukongeza, igesi ye-hydrogen inokuqhuma kwaye ibe yingozi yokhuseleko. Kulula kakhulu ukugcina ii-asidi ze-formic njengophethiloli kuba zilulwelo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-formic acid inokubangela ukusabela ukuvelisa i-hydrogen kwindawo. Ukongeza, i-formic acid ingasetyenziswa njengezinto eziluhlaza kwiikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo.
Nokuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis yokwenziwa okwangoku kusephantsi kakhulu, i-Green Science Alliance iya kuqhubeka nokulwela ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle nokwazisa i-photosynthesis yokwenziwa esetyenziswa ngokwenene.