I-Formic Acid: Ukusetyenziswa Okubanzi kunye noPhuhliso Oluzinzileyo lweKhemikhali Enemisebenzi Emininzi

I-Formic acid (HCOOH), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-anthranilic acid, sisixhobo esisisiseko se-organic chemical raw material esineentlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zoshishino kunye neempawu zeekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo. Lulwelo olungenambala olunevumba elimnandi kwaye luneempawu ze-asidi, i-aldehyde kunye notywala ngaxeshanye. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokugxila ngakumbi kwi-green chemistry kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwe-formic acid ziye zanda, kwaye amandla ayo njengomthombo ohlaziyekayo afumene ingqalelo engakumbi.

Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zoshishino

I-asidi ye-formic idlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini aliqela. Kwicandelo leyeza, isetyenziswa njengezinto eziluhlaza ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamayeza, kuquka amayeza okudambisa iintlungu, amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala kunye namayeza okulwa nomhlaza. Kwishishini lesikhumba kunye nelaphu, i-asidi ye-formic iluncedo olubalulekileyo ekuthambiseni isikhumba kunye nokudaya amalaphu, nto leyo enokuphucula umgangatho kunye nokuqina kweemveliso. Ukongeza, i-asidi ye-formic isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini erabha, idayi, izibulala-zinambuzane, i-electroplating kunye nokutya.

Kwishishini lokutya, i-formic acid isetyenziswa njengesibulali-ntsholongwane kunye nesigcina-zintsholongwane kwishishini lokwenza ubhiya kunye nesigcina-zintsholongwane kwiimveliso ezisemathinini kunye neejusi zeziqhamo. Izinto eziphuma kuyo zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwimithi, izibulali-zinambuzane, iidayi kunye neencasa.

Ikhemistri Eluhlaza kunye noPhuhliso oluZinzileyo

I-asidi ye-formic, njengomthombo ohlaziyekayo, ineempawu ezimangalisayo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ingafunyanwa ngokuguqulwa kwe-biomass kwaye sisondlo esingabizi kakhulu nesifumaneka lula. Kwinguquko ye-catalytic ye-biomass, iipropati ze-acidic kunye ne-solvent ze-formic acid zingasetyenziswa kunyango lwangaphambi kwe-lignocellulose yokukhupha i-cellulose kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-biomass ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, i-asidi ye-formic ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo we-hydrogen wokuguqulwa kwe-catalytic yeekhompawundi ze-biomass platform ukuvelisa iikhemikhali ezinexabiso eliphezulu.

Uthutho olukhuselekileyo kunye nokugcinwa

I-asidi ye-formic irhabaxa kakhulu kwaye iyacaphukisa, ngoko ke ifuna ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwimigaqo yokhuseleko ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwayo. Idla ngokupakishwa ikwimo yolwelo kwizikhongozeli ezivaliweyo, kwaye kufuneka igcinwe kude nomlilo kunye nemithombo yobushushu kwaye ihlukaniswe kwii-oxidising agents, ii-alkalis kunye nee-asidi ezinamandla xa zithuthwa. Ngexesha lokugcina, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba izikhongozeli zivalwe kakuhle ukuze kuthintelwe ukudibana nomoya kunye nokuthintela ukuguquguquka nokuvuza.

Ithemba Lexesha Elizayo

Iipropati ze-formic acid eziguquguqukayo nezihlaziyekayo zinika amandla amakhulu okusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo njengoko imfuneko ye-green chemistry kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo isanda. Abaphandi baphonononga iindlela zokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-formic acid kunye nokuphuhlisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha bokutsala amandla ukuze kuguqulwe iikhemikhali ngendlela esebenzayo neyokusingqongileyo. I-formic acid ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo kwimveliso kuphela, kodwa ikwayikhemikhali eluhlaza enegalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, njengekhemikhali esebenza ngeendlela ezininzi, i-formic acid idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nokusukela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-formic acid aya kuba maninzi nangakumbi.