I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yase-US (i-EPA) icebisa ukuba kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-dichloromethane (i-methylene chloride) phantsi koMthetho woLawulo lweZinto ezinobuthi (i-TSCA), olawula umgaqo-nkqubo weekhemikhali wase-US. I-Dichloromethane sisinyibilikisi selabhoratri esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ezifana nezincamathelisi, izitywini, izicoci kunye nezithinti zepeyinti. Yinto yesibini elawulwa phantsi kwenkqubo ye-Tsca ehlaziyiweyo, eyenziwe ngo-2016, emva kwe-asbestos kunyaka ophelileyo.
Isiphakamiso se-EPA sifuna ukuba kuthintelwe ukuveliswa, ukucutshungulwa kunye nokusasazwa kwe-dichloromethane kuzo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa ngabathengi, kuthintelwe uninzi lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso nakwimizi-mveliso, kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lweendawo zokusebenza kwezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-methylene chloride kwilabhoratri kuya kulawulwa yinkqubo kwaye kuya kulawulwa sisicwangciso sokukhusela iikhemikhali emsebenzini, kungekhona ukuvalwa. Esi sicwangciso sinciphisa ukuvezwa emsebenzini kumyinge weenxalenye ezi-2 kwisigidi (ppm) iiyure ezi-8 kunye ne-16 ppm imizuzu eli-15.
Isindululo esitsha se-EPA siza kubeka imida emitsha kumanqanaba okuvezwa kwe-Dichloromethane kwiilebhu
I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo ichonge umngcipheko wemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yabantu ngenxa yokuphefumla kunye nokuvezwa kwesikhumba kwi-methylene chloride, kubandakanya ubuthi be-neurotoxic kunye nemiphumo kwisibindi. Le arhente ikwafumanise ukuba ukuphefumla ixesha elide kunye nokuvezwa kwesikhumba kwesi sixhobo kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza.
Ebhengeza isindululo se-arhente ngo-Aprili 20, uMlawuli we-EPA uMichael Regan uthe: “Isayensi engasemva kwe-methylene chloride icacile kwaye iziphumo zayo zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi zempilo kwanokufa. Baninzi kakhulu abantu abalahlekelwe ngabantu ababathandayo ngenxa yokutyhefa okuqatha.” usapho”.
Ukususela ngo-1980, ubuncinane abantu abangama-85 bafe ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa yi-methylene chloride ngokukhawuleza, ngokutsho kwe-EPA. Uninzi lwabo belungabantu abalungisa amakhaya, abanye babo beqeqeshwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye benxibe izixhobo zokuzikhusela. Le arhente iqaphele ukuba abantu abaninzi “bafumana iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide, kuquka nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.”
Ngexesha lolawulo luka-Obama, i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yagqiba kwelokuba iziqwenga zepeyinti ezisekelwe kwi-methylene chloride “ziyingozi engaphaya kwengqondo empilweni.” Ngo-2019, i-arhente yavala ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ezinjalo kubathengi, kodwa yamangalelwa ngabameli bezempilo yoluntu ababesithi imithetho ayihambanga ngokwaneleyo kwaye kwakufanele ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo aqatha ngokukhawuleza.
I-EPA ilindele ukuba uninzi lotshintsho lwayo olutsha olucetywayo luphunyezwe ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezili-15 kwaye lufikelele kwi-52 yeepesenti yokuthintelwa kwemveliso yonyaka eqikelelweyo yokusetyenziswa kwe-TSCA. Le arhente ithe uninzi lokusetyenziswa kwe-dichloromethane lucebisa ukuthintela, iimveliso ezizezinye zihlala zifumaneka ngexabiso elifanayo.
Kodwa i-American Chemical Council (ACC), emele iinkampani zeekhemikhali zaseMelika, yaphikisana ngoko nangoko ne-EPA, isithi i-methylene chloride “yi-compound ebalulekileyo” esetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso ezininzi zabathengi.
Ukuphendula kwingxelo ye-EPA, iqela leshishini livakalise inkxalabo yokuba oku “kuya kubangela ukungaqiniseki kunye nokudideka kwemithetho” kwimida yokuchayeka kwi-methylene chloride yoLawulo loKhuseleko lwezeMpilo lwase-US yangoku. I-ACC ithi i-EPA “ayikagqibi ukuba kuyimfuneko” ukumisela imida eyongezelelweyo yokuchayeka emsebenzini kuleyo sele imiselwe.
I-lobby ikwatyhola i-EPA ngokusilela ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo impembelelo yezindululo zayo kwikhonkco lokubonelela. “Ubukhulu bokuncitshiswa kwemveliso okukhawulezayo bunokuba nempembelelo enkulu kwikhonkco lokubonelela ukuba abavelisi banezibophelelo zesivumelwano ekufuneka bazithobele, okanye ukuba abavelisi bagqiba ekubeni bayeke imveliso ngokupheleleyo,” ilumkise i-ACC.
I-EPA iqhubela phambili ukuvalwa kweemveliso zabathengi ebekulindwe ixesha elide kodwa ivumela ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwezorhwebo
Uhlaziyo olulindelweyo lwe-Toxic Substances Control Act, olulawula ulawulo lweekhemikhali eMelika, luqalile ukusebenza.
Ingxelo yeNdlu yeeNgwevu yase-UK ibonisa ukuba urhulumente kufuneka adlale indima ebonakalayo ekusombululeni imiba echaphazela isayensi.
Uphando lweCassini lweNASA lufumene uthuli nomkhenkce ojikeleze uMhlaba kwiminyaka embalwa nje eyadlulayo
© Royal Society of Chemistry document.write(new Date().getFullYear()); Inombolo yobhaliso lweSisa: 207890