Ngomhla wesi-3 kuCanzibe ngo-2023, i-EPA yapapasha umthetho ocetywayo kwiRejista yeSizwe wokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwe-methylene chloride.
, kwaye i-dichloromethane yikhemikhali yesibini enomngcipheko wayo olawulwa phantsi kwenkqubo yohlengahlengiso eyenziwe nguFrank R. Lautenberg. UMthetho woKhuseleko lweeKhemikhali weNkulungwane yama-21 ka-2016. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iarhente icebise amanyathelo okukhusela abantu ekuvezweni yi-asbestos.
I-Dichloromethane isetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwabathengi okufana nezicoci ze-aerosol kunye nezicoci zeebrashi kwiipeyinti kunye neengubo, ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo okufana nezincamathelisi kunye nezitywini, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso ekuveliseni ezinye iikhemikhali. Umzekelo, i-dichloromethane isetyenziswa njengesixhobo esiphakathi sekhemikhali ekuveliseni ii-hydrofluorocarbons (ii-HFCs) 32, ezisetyenziswa kwiifriji ezixutyiweyo ezenzelwe ukutshintsha izinto ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Ubuncinane izigulane ezingama-85 ziye zafa ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa yi-methylene chloride ngokukhawuleza ukusukela ngo-1980, ngokutsho kwe-Environmental Protection Agency, uninzi lwazo zisebenzi zekontraka zokuphucula amakhaya, nangona beziqeqeshwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuzikhusela.
Inkcazo ye-arhente yomngcipheko we-dichloromethane ayinangqiqo kwaye isekelwe kwiingozi ezinxulumene nabasebenzi, abantu abangochwephesha abangasebenzisi le khemikhali (abasebenzi abakufutshane kodwa abangachaphazelekanga ngqo yikhemikhali), abathengi kunye nabo basondeleyo kubathengi. I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo ichonge umngcipheko wemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yabantu evela ekuphefumleni nasekuchaphazekeni kwesikhumba kwi-methylene chloride, kubandakanya ubuthi be-neurotoxicity, iziphumo kwisibindi, kunye nomhlaza.
Imithetho ecetywayo yolawulo lomngcipheko iya kunciphisa ngokukhawuleza imveliso, ukucubungula kunye nokusasazwa kwe-methylene chloride kuzo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa ngabathengi kunye noninzi lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso nakwezorhwebo, uninzi lwazo luya kuzalisekiswa ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezili-15. Uhlalutyo lubonise ukuba uninzi lwezinto ezisetyenziswa yi-methylene chloride ezicetyiswe yi-EPA ukuze zithintelwe, iimveliso ezizezinye zihlala zifumaneka ngexabiso elifanayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle njengeemveliso ze-methylene chloride.
“Ubungqina besayensi be-methylene chloride bucacile, kwaye ukuchatshazelwa yi-methylene chloride kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi zempilo, kwanokufa, kubantu abaninzi kakhulu,” utshilo umphathi we-EPA uMichael S. Regan kwingxelo yeendaba evela kwi-arhente. “Yiyo loo nto i-EPA ithatha inyathelo lokucebisa ukuthintelwa kokusetyenziswa kwesi sikhemikhali, kunye nokukhusela impilo yabasebenzi kunye nokunciphisa ukuchatshazelwa kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko ngokuzisa ulawulo olungqongqo lwendawo yokusebenza. Olu thintelo lucetywayo lwembali lubonisa inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo esiyenzileyo ekuphunyezweni kweenkqubo ezintsha zokhuseleko lweekhemikhali kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo ebesilinde ixesha elide okukhusela ngcono impilo yoluntu.”
“Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, ukucubungula imizi-mveliso, kunye nokusetyenziswa kukarhulumente apho i-EPA ingakucebisiyo ukuthintela, i-EPA inika inkqubo yokukhusela iikhemikhali emsebenzini equka imida engqongqo yokuvezwa ukuze kukhuselwe ngcono abasebenzi,” itshilo kwingxelo. Isenokuba sele ihlangabezana nemida engqongqo yokuvezwa kwe-methylene chloride. Ezi mfuno zicetywayo ziya kuvumela i-methylene chloride ukuba iqhubeke nokucutshungulwa ukuvelisa iikhemikhali ezibalulekileyo ekulweni nokufudumala kwehlabathi. Iifriji kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezinobuhlobo nokutshintsha kwemozulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulweni notshintsho lwemozulu. , kwaye umthetho ocetywayo we-EPA uxhasa imizamo engakumbi yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya.”
Ukongeza, i-EPA icebisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuthile kwe-dichloromethane efunekayo yi-NASA, i-DOD kunye ne-FAA kuqhubeke kulawulwa ngokuqinileyo emsebenzini, njengoko ukuvezwa kungancitshiswa kakhulu kwezi meko zinzima kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umngcipheko kubasebenzi.
“Ukuvalwa kunye nemiqathango ecetywayo kuya kukhusela uluntu ekuchatshazelweni yi-methylene chloride,” utshilo ingxelo. “Isebenzisa idatha yeminyaka emithandathu yokuvezwa kwetyhefu, i-EPA ichonge inani elincinci lezibonelelo njengengozi enokubakho kwiindawo ezibiyelweyo. Ukuvalwa komthetho ocetywayo we-EPA kuya kugubungela ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-methylene chloride kwiindawo ezininzi ezinjalo, kuphelisa ngempumelelo umngcipheko onokubakho kwiindawo ezikufutshane.”
Izimvo malunga nomthetho ocetywayo ziya kwamkelwa nge-Federal Electronic Rulemaking Portal, inombolo yefayile i-EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465, umhla wokugqibela we-3 kaJulayi 2023.
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