Ngomhla wesi-3 kuMeyi, i-2023, i-EPA yapapasha umgaqo ocetywayo kwiRejista ye-Federal ukuvimbela ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kwe-methylene chloride.
Imvume ye-EPA yomgaqo ocetywayo inikwe phantsi koMthetho woLawulo lweZinto eziyityhefu (i-TSCA), kwaye i-dichloromethane yikhemikhali yesibini umngcipheko wayo ulawulwa phantsi kwenkqubo yohlaziyo eyenziwe nguFrank R. Lautenberg. I-21st Century Chemical Safety Act ka-2016, emva kokuba i-arhente ilandele inyathelo lokukhusela abantu kwi-asbestos exposure, yaziswa kunyaka odlulileyo.
I-Dichloromethane isetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izicelo zabathengi ezifana ne-aerosol degreasers kunye ne-brush cleaners yepeyinti kunye neengubo, izicelo zorhwebo ezifana ne-adhesives kunye ne-sealants, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino ekuveliseni ezinye iikhemikhali. Umzekelo, i-dichloromethane isetyenziswa njengekhemikhali ephakathi ekuvelisweni kwee-hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)32, ezithi zisetyenziswe kwizikhenkcisi ezixutyiweyo ukubuyisela izinto ezinobushushu obuphezulu behlabathi.
Ubuncinci abantu abangama-85 basweleke ngenxa ye-acute methylene chloride exposure ukusukela ngo-1980, uninzi lwabasebenzi bekhontrakthi yokuphucula ikhaya ababeqeqeshwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye baxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuzikhusela, ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo.
Uvavanyo lwengozi olungenakuqinisekiswa lwe-arhente ye-dichloromethane lwalubangelwa yimingcipheko ehambelana nabasebenzi, abantu abangasebenzisiyo abachwephesha (abasebenzi abakufutshane kodwa abangavezwanga ngokuthe ngqo kwimichiza), abathengi, kunye nabo bakufutshane kwindawo yokusetyenziswa kwabathengi. I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo ichonge imingcipheko yeziphumo ezibi kwimpilo yabantu, kubandakanywa neurotoxicity, isibindi kunye nefuthe lomhlaza kwi-inhalation, kunye nokuvezwa kwesikhumba kwi-methylene chloride.
Imithetho ecetywayo yokulawulwa kwengozi iya kunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukuveliswa, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-methylene chloride kubo bonke abasebenzisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino kunye nezorhwebo, ezininzi zazo ziya kuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ze-15. Uninzi lokusetyenziswa kwe-methylene chloride ecetywa yi-EPA ukuba ivinjwe, uhlalutyo lwayo lubonise ukuba iindleko kunye neendlela ezisebenzayo kwiimveliso ze-methylene chloride zifumaneka ngokubanzi.
“Inzululwazi ngemethylene chloride icacile yaye ukuvezwa kunokubangela imiphumo enzulu yempilo kwanokufa, nto leyo eyinyaniso kwiintsapho ezininzi eziye zalahlekelwa zizihlobo zabo ngenxa yetyhefu eyingozi,” watsho uMlawuli we-EPA uMichael S. Regan. kwingxelo ye-arhente. Yiyo loo nto i-EPA ithatha inyathelo ngokuphakamisa ukukhusela impilo yabasebenzi ngokuzisa ulawulo olungqongqo lwendawo yokusebenza oluya kuthi luthintele uninzi lokusetyenziswa kwale khemikhali kwaye lunciphise ukuvezwa kuzo zonke ezinye.
"Ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwemizi-mveliso, ukusetyenzwa kwemizi-mveliso, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-federal ukuba i-EPA ayizange iphakamise ukuvala, i-EPA ibonelela ngenkqubo yokukhusela imichiza kwindawo yokusebenza kunye nemida engqongqo yokukhusela abasebenzi," yatsho kwingxelo. "I-EPA ifumene igalelo kwishishini elibonisa ukuba ezinye iindawo zisenokuthi zithobele imiqathango ecetywayo engqongqo ye-methylene chloride. Ezi mfuno zicetywayo ziyakuvumela ukuqhubeka kokulungiswa kwe-methylene chloride ukuvelisa imichiza ebaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni iinzame zokutshintsha kwemozulu ezichazwe kwi-US Innovation and Manufacturing Report. Isenzo sibalulekile. Indima ebalulekileyo yokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu, enye indima yekhemikhali ehambelana nemozulu, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezilungele ukulwa nemozulu. Umgaqo ocetywayo we-EPA uxhasa iinzame eziqhubekayo zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo.”
Ukongeza, i-EPA icebisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuthile kwe-dichloromethane efunwa yi-NASA, i-DOD kunye ne-FAA iyaqhubeka nokulawulwa ngokuqinileyo kwindawo yokusebenza, njengoko ukuvezwa kunokuncipha ngokwaneleyo kwezi meko zinzima kakhulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko kubasebenzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
"Izithintelo ezicetywayo kunye nezithintelo ziya kukhusela uluntu ekuvezweni kwi-methylene chloride," yatsho ingxelo. “I-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo, isebenzisa iminyaka emithandathu yokuvezwa kwedatha eyityhefu, ichonge inani elincinane lamaziko njengomngcipheko onokubakho kuluntu olubiyelweyo.
Amazwana ngomgaqo ocetywayo uya kwamkelwa nge-Federal Electronic Rulemaking Portal kude kube nguJulayi 3, 2023, inombolo yokungena EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465.
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