Akukho nyango lwesifo sika-Alzheimer, kodwa izazinzulu zihlala zihlola iindlela zokunyanga iimpawu zesifo.
Abaphandi bakwasebenza ekufumaneni kwangethuba isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esinxulunyaniswa nesifo sika-Alzheimer, njengoko ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunokunceda kunyango.
Uphononongo olutsha olupapashwe kwiFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience lubonisa ukuba i-uroformic acid inokuba yi-biomarker enokubakho ekuxilongweni kwangethuba kwesifo se-Alzheimer.
IZiko loLawulo nokuThintela izifo lase-US (i-CDC) lichaza isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo “njengokuphazamiseka kwenkumbulo, ukucinga, okanye ukwenza izigqibo okuphazamisana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.”
Ukongeza kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, kukho nezinye iintlobo zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ezifana ne-dementia kunye ne-Lewy bodies kunye ne-vascular dementia. Kodwa isifo sika-Alzheimer lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-dementia.
Ngokwengxelo ye-Alzheimer's Disease Association ka-2022, malunga nezigidi ezi-6.5 zabantu eMelika baphila nesi sifo. Ukongeza, abaphandi balindele ukuba elo nani liphindwe kabini ngo-2050.
Ukongeza, abantu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer esiqhubele phambili banokuba nobunzima bokuginya, ukuthetha nokuhamba.
Kude kube sekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-2000, uhlolo lwesidumbu yayiyeyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba umntu unesifo sika-Alzheimer okanye olunye uhlobo lwe-dementia.
Ngokutsho kweNational Institute on Aging, oogqirha ngoku banokwenza i-lumbar puncture, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-lumbar puncture, ukujonga ii-biomarkers ezinxulumene nesifo sika-Alzheimer.
Oogqirha bakhangela ii-biomarkers ezifana ne-beta-amyloid 42 (inxalenye ephambili yee-amyloid plaques ebuchotsheni) kwaye banokukhangela iingxaki kwi-PET scan.
“Iindlela ezintsha zokuthatha imifanekiso, ingakumbi i-amyloid imaging, i-PET amyloid imaging, kunye ne-tau PET imaging, zisenza sikwazi ukubona izinto ezingaqhelekanga engqondweni ngelixa umntu esaphila,” utshilo uprofesa wezeMpilo yoLuntu waseMichigan kunye nogqirha uKenneth M., uGqr. Langa. U-Ann Arbor, owayengabandakanyekanga kolu phando, uthethe nge-podcast yakutshanje yeMichigan Medicine.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezifumanekayo ukunceda ukunciphisa ubunzima beempawu zesifuba kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, nangona zingenakusinyanga.
Umzekelo, ugqirha angakunika amayeza anjenge-donepezil okanye i-galantamine ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-asthma. Iyeza lophando elibizwa ngokuba yi-lecanemab linokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo se-Alzheimer.
Ngenxa yokuba uvavanyo lwesifo sika-Alzheimer lubiza kakhulu kwaye lusenokungafumaneki kuye wonke umntu, abanye abaphandi babeka phambili uhlolo lwangethuba.
Abaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseShanghai Jiao Tong kunye neWuxi Institute of Diagnostic Innovation eTshayina bahlalutye kunye indima ye-formic acid njenge-biomarker yesifo se-Alzheimer kumchamo.
Izazinzulu zikhethe le khompawundi ithile ngokusekelwe kuphando lwazo lwangaphambili kwi-biomarkers yesifo sika-Alzheimer. Zikhomba kwi-metabolism engaqhelekanga ye-formaldehyde njengophawu oluphambili lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okunxulumene nobudala.
Kolu phononongo, ababhali baqeshe abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-574 kwiMemory Clinic yeSibhedlele sabantu abathandathu saseShanghai, eTshayina.
Bahlule abathathi-nxaxheba baba ngamaqela amahlanu ngokusekelwe kwindlela abasebenze ngayo kwiimvavanyo zokusebenza kwengqondo; la maqela aqala kwingqondo ephilileyo ukuya kwi-Alzheimer's:
Abaphandi baqokelele iisampulu zomchamo kubathathi-nxaxheba ukuze kufunyanwe amanqanaba e-formic acid kunye neesampulu zegazi ukuze kuhlalutywe i-DNA.
Ngokuthelekisa amanqanaba e-formic acid kwiqela ngalinye, abaphandi bafunde ukuba kukho umahluko phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba abasempilweni ngokwengqondo kunye nabo ubuncinane babeneengxaki ezithile.
Iqela elalinokwehla kwengqondo kwinqanaba elithile lalinamanqanaba aphezulu e-formic acid kumchamo kuneqela elaliphilile engqondweni.
Ukongeza, abathathi-nxaxheba abanesifo sika-Alzheimer babenamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-formic acid kumchamo wabo kunabathathi-nxaxheba abasempilweni ngokwengqondo.
Izazinzulu zikwafumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-urinary formic acid anxulumene ngokuchaseneyo novavanyo lwengqondo kwimemori nakwingqwalasela.
“Amanqanaba e-asidi ye-urine formic acid anyuswe kakhulu kwiqela lokuxilongwa [lokwehla kwengqondo okubangelwa kukuziqhelanisa], oko kuthetha ukuba i-asidi ye-urine formic acid ingasetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwangethuba [kwesifo se-Alzheimer],” kubhala ababhali.
Iziphumo zolu phononongo zibalulekile ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi iindleko eziphezulu zokufumanisa isifo se-Alzheimer.
Ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo lubonisa ukuba i-uric acid inokuqaphela ukwehla kwengqondo, oku kungaba luvavanyo olulula ukulusebenzisa nolufikelelekayo.
Ukongeza, ukuba uvavanyo olunjalo lunokufumanisa ukwehla kwengqondo okunxulunyaniswa nesifo sika-Alzheimer, iingcali zonyango zinokungenelela ngokukhawuleza.
UGqr. Sandra Petersen, DNP, usekela-mongameli omkhulu wezempilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwiPegasus Senior Living, uthethe ngolu phando kudliwanondlebe neMedical News Today:
"Utshintsho kwisifo sika-Alzheimer luqala malunga neminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuba kuxilongwe kwaye ludla ngokungaqatshelwa de kubekho umonakalo omkhulu. Siyazi ukuba ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunokunika izigulana iindlela ezininzi zonyango kunye nokukwazi ukucwangcisa unyango lwexesha elizayo."
“Impumelelo kolu vavanyo (olungangenisi ntsholongwane kwaye olungabizi kakhulu) olufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi luya kutshintsha indlela olulwa ngayo nesifo sika-Alzheimer,” utshilo uGqr. Peterson.
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